Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are increased\nin plasma lipids and blood cell membranes in response to supplementation. Whilst\narachidonic acid (AA) is correspondingly decreased, the effect on other fatty acids\n(FA) is less well described and there may be site-specific differences. In response\nto 12 months EPA + DHA supplementation in doses equivalent to 0ââ?¬â??4 portions of\noily fish/week (1 portion: 3.27 g EPA+DHA) multinomial regression analysis was used to\nidentify important FA changes for plasma phosphatidylcholine (PC), cholesteryl ester (CE)\nand triglyceride (TAG) and for blood mononuclear cells (MNC), red blood cells (RBC) and\nplatelets (PLAT). Dose-dependent increases in EPA + DHA were matched by decreases\nin several n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in PC, CE, RBC and PLAT, but were predominantly compensated for by oleic acid in TAG. Changes were observed for all FA\nclasses in MNC. Consequently the n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio was reduced in a dose-dependent\nmanner in all pools after 12 months (37%ââ?¬â??64% of placebo in the four portions group). We\nconclude that the profile of the FA decreased in exchange for the increase in EPA + DHA\nfollowing supplementation differs by FA pool with implications for understanding the impact\nof n-3 PUFA on blood lipid and blood cell biology.
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